Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
Volume 117, Issue 23, Pages 12078-12085Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp312801p
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [50973073/50773044]
- Combination Project of Guangdong Province
- Ministry of Education [2011A090200014]
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Pristine and oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were separately prepared and directly fluorinated with F-2 through two different routes: heating-fluorination and isothermal-fluorination. The amount of fluorine atoms (hereinafter referred to as F-content) bonding to the fluorinated samples was largely dependent on the modifing route and chemical bonding of MWCNTs. The F-content of heating-fluorinated pristine and oxidized MWCNTs was 3.2% and 9.2% respectively, which were about 8 times and 18 times that of the corresponding isothermal-fluorinated MWCNTs. According to structural analysis of samples before and after fluorination, it was found that thermal elimination of oxygen-related groups bonding to MWCNTs contributed to the formation of strongly covalent C-F bonds during heating-fluorination. It was considered that the oxygen-related groups provided reactive sites for the fluorination. The fluorination reaction took place at an sp(3) carbon linking with the oxygen-related groups and did not increase the density of defect on MWCNTs. A radical-mediated mechanism is accepted for this reaction. Thus, MWCNTs could be first oxidized to increase the number of oxygen-related groups and then heating-fluorinated by F-2 directly to get highly fluorinated MWCNTs with stable C-F bonds.
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