Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
Volume 115, Issue 13, Pages 6057-6063Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp1114724
Keywords
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Funding
- National Key Program for Basic Research of China [2009CB220100]
- International S&T Cooperation Program of China [2010DFB63370]
- National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [20803003, 20803042]
- Chinese Education Ministry [NCET-10-0038]
- Beijing Excellent Talent Support Program [2010D009011000005]
- National Undergraduate Innovative Test Program [101000734]
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Novel sulfur/polythiopliene composites with core/shell structure composites were synthesized via an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method with chloroform as a solvent, thiophene as a reagent, and iron chloride as an oxidant at 0 degrees C. Different ratios of the sulfur/polythiophene composites were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and electrochemical methods. A suitable ratio for the composites was found to be 71.9% sulfur and 18.1% polythiophene as determined by CV and EIS results. Conductive polythiophene acts as a conducting additive and a porous adsorbing agent. It was uniformly coated onto the surface of the sulfur powder to form a core/shell structure, which effectively enhances the electrochemical performance and cycle life of the sulfur cells. The initial discharge capacity of the active material was 1119.3 mA h g(-1), sulfur and the remaining capacity was 830.2 mA h g(-1) sulfur after 80 cycles. After a rate test from 100 to 1600 mA g(-1) sulfur, the cell remained at 811 mA h g(-1) sulfur after 60 cycles when the current density returned to 100 mA g(-1) sulfur. The sulfur utilization, the cycle life, and the rate performance of the S-PTh core/shell electrode in a lithium-sulfur battery improved significantly compared to that of the pure sulfur electrode. The pore and thickness of the shell affected the battery performance of the lithium ion diffusion channels.
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