Photovoltaic Behavior of Nanocrystalline SnS/TiO2

Nanocrystalline tin Sulfide (SnS) Was prepared by chemical bath deposition, and the photovoltaic behavior of SnS/TiO2 was studied. The X-ray diffraction pattern and transmission electron microscopy revealed an similar to 6 nm SnS polycrystalline orthorhombic structure. The SnS film exhibited a hand gap of 1.3 eV, and its absorption coefficient was more than 1 x 10(4) cm(-1) in the visible light range. The electrical conductivity activation energy of the SnS film was 0.22 eV, determined when the sample was heated in the temperature range of 111-144 degrees C. Although the sample Was insulating at room temperature, photovoltaic behavior was found in a SnS/TiO2 structure, with an open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 471 mV, a short-circuit current density (J(sc)) of 0.3 mA/cm(2), and the conversion efficiency (eta) of 0.1% under 1 sun illumination. The properties of SnS and the reasons behind the photovoltaic phenomenon of SnS/TiO2 are discussed.