Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
Volume 114, Issue 17, Pages 7541-7547Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp9065604
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [50371034]
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Room-temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in undoped SnO2 nanostructures with various morphologies synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The magnetization depends on the oxygen flow rate during the CVD synthesis and decreases monotonically with the increase of the oxygen flow rate. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that all the samples possess a typical rutile structure, and no other impurity phases are observed. Photoluminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies were employed to evidence the presence of oxygen vacancies in these samples and reveal that the oxygen vacancies contribute to the ferromagnetism. To further test the oxygen-vacancy-related ferromagnetism, post-thermal annealing in different ambiances was performed. The results confirm that the oxygen vacancies, not Sn interstitials, play a crucial role in inducing the ferromagnetism in undoped SnO2 nanostructures.
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