Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
Volume 112, Issue 33, Pages 12786-12794Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp8039934
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We report the room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of nanocrystalline TiO2 in the anatase and rutile phases and in mixed-phase samples obtained commercially (Degussa P25) and by thermal treatment of nanocrystalline anatase. The photoluminescence spectrum of anatase spans a broad range of visible wavelengths, while the much more intense rutile emission is found in the near-infrared. Photoluminescence spectra as a function of contacting fluid provide insight into the microscopic nature of the luminescence, the basis for its breadth, and the influence of solvent on inter- and intraparticle electron transfer. Anatase photoluminescence results from at least two spatially isolated trap-state distributions, one of which is absent or quenched in P25 and in the presence of hole scavengers. TiO2 nanocrystalline films containing a small amount of rutile show solvent-dependent relative intensities of the anatase and rutile photoluminescence that reveal carrier transport between the two phases. Photoluminescence spectroscopy is shown to be a useful approach for determining the energetic distribution of midband gap states.
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