Hydroxyl Chain Formation on the Cu(110) Surface: Watching Water Dissociation

The formation of hydroxyl chains from water dissociation on the Cu(110) surface has been studied by using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), electron stimulated desorption ion angular distribution (ESDIAD), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Annealing the D2O-covered surface to a temperature of similar to 200 K leads to desorption of D2O molecules and produces a zigzag structure due to adsorbed OD groups with a periodicity of 5 angstrom along the '1 (1) over bar0' direction in the STM image. Coadsorption of O-2 promotes the water dissociation reaction and produces hydroxyl chains with much higher coverage. ESDIAD measurements show a two-beam pattern consistent with OD(a) species inclined similar to 40 degrees with respect to the surface normal and orientated along the '001' azimuth. The calculations reveal the existence of stable chain structures comprised solely of hydroxyl groups as well as of interacting water and hydroxyl groups that are consistent with the observed STM image.