Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
Volume 113, Issue 39, Pages 13018-13025Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp810386z
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Funding
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institutes of Health [N01-CO-12400]
- ISF [53/09]
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The human cytochrome P450 3A4 mono-oxygenates similar to 50% of all drugs. Its substrates/products enter/leave the active site by access/exit channels. Here, we perform steered molecular dynamics simulations, pulling the products temazepam and testosterone-6 beta OH out of the P450 3A4 enzyme in order to identify the preferred substrate/product pathways and their gating mechanism. We locate six different egress pathways of products from the active site with different exit preferences for the two products and find that there is more than just one access/exit channel in CYP3A4. The so-called solvent channel manifests the largest opening for both tested products, thereby identifying this channel as a putative substrate channel. Most channels consist of one or two pi-stacked pherylalanine residues that serve as gate keepers. The oxidized drug breaks the hydrophobic interactions of the gating residues and forms mainly hydrophobic contacts with the gate. We argue that product exit preferences in P450s are regulated by protein-substrate specificity.
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