Journal
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
Volume 209, Issue 2-3, Pages 186-192Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.11.013
Keywords
o-Nitrobenzaldehyde; Actinometry; Greenland; Snow photochemistry
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Funding
- NSF Office [0455055]
- Directorate For Geosciences [0455055] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP) [0455055] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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2-Nitrobenzaldehyde (2NB) is a convenient, photochemically sensitive, and thermally robust actinometer. Although 2NB has been used in a number of solution and ice experiments in the laboratory, the quantum efficiencies and molar absorptivities of 2NB have not been critically evaluated, especially on ice. Using a series of laboratory and field measurements we have measured the light absorbance and photochemical properties of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde in solution (water and/or acetonitrile) and in/on water ice. Our results show that the molar absorptivities of 2NB are only weakly dependent upon temperature and that the quantum yield is independent of temperature in water; the quantum yield is also independent of wavelength, as shown by past reports. Furthermore, we find that the photochemistry of 2NB in/on water ice is the same as in liquid water. While most studies employing 2NB cite and use a quantum yield of 0.50, based on a review of the literature, and on our new experimental data, we recommend a quantum yield of 0.41 for 2NB photolysis for both solution and water ice. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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