Journal
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 63, Issue 7, Pages 952-959Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01299.x
Keywords
AGE; db; db mice; fibrosis; Kangen-karyu; type 2 diabetes
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Objectives This study was conducted to examine whether Kangen-karyu, a Chinese prescription, has an ameliorative effect on diabetes-induced alterations such as advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation or the fibrotic response in liver and kidney of type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Methods Kangen-karyu (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight/day, p.o.) was administered every day for 18 weeks to db/db mice, and its effect was compared with vehicle-treated db/db and m/m mice. Key findings The administration of Kangen-karyu decreased the elevated serum glucose concentration in db/db mice. The increased serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, which reflect renal dysfunction in db/db mice, were significantly lowered by Kangen-karyu administration. The db/db mice exhibited the up-regulation of AGEs and its receptor expression in liver and kidney; however, Kangen-karyu treatment significantly reduced expression except for the receptor. Moreover, the augmented expressions of fibrosis-related proteins, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, fibronectin and collagen IV were down-regulated by Kangen-karyu administration. Conclusions These results provide important evidence that Kangen-karyu exhibits a pleiotropic effect on AGE formation and fibrosis-related parameters, representing hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects against the development of diabetic complications in type 2 diabetic db/db mice.
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