Journal
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
Volume 337, Issue 1, Pages 65-74Publisher
AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.174573
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [T32-ES012163]
- National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute [R01-CA131990]
- Department of the Army [DAMD17-03-1-0182, W81XWH-05-1-0193]
- National Institutes of Health [P30ES06639, P30CA22453, U54RR020843]
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Exposure of the human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cell lines STS-26T, ST88-14, and NF90-8 to nanomolar concentrations of both lovastatin and farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI)-1 but not to either drug alone induced cell death. ST88-14 and NF90-8 cells underwent apoptosis, yet dying STS-26T cells did not. FTI-1 cotreatment induced a strong and sustained autophagic response as indicated by analyses of microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II accumulation in STS-26T cultures. Extensive colocalization of LC3-positive punctate spots was observed with both lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-1 and LAMP-2 (markers of late endosomes/lysosomes) in solvent or FTI-1 or lovastatin-treated STS-26T cultures but very little colocalization in lovastatin/FTI-1-cotreated cultures. The absence of colocalization in the cotreatment protocol correlated with loss of LAMP-2 expression. Autophagic flux studies indicated that lovastatin/FTI-1 cotreatment inhibited the completion of the autophagic program. In contrast, rapamycin induced an autophagic response that was associated with cytostasis but maintenance of viability. These studies indicate that cotreatment of STS-26T cells with lovastatin and FTI-1 induces an abortive autophagic program and nonapoptotic cell death.
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