Journal
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
Volume 56, Issue 3, Pages 664-670Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.06.015
Keywords
ABTS and DPPH assays; Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; L-Cysteine; Reactive oxygen species; Rotational viscometry
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Funding
- VEGA Grant [2/0011/11, 2/0083/09, 2/0056/10, 1/0145/10]
- ERDF [ITMS26220120054, ITMS26240220040]
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High-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HA) samples were exposed to free-radical chain-degradation reactions induced by ascorbate in the presence of Cu(II) ions - the so-called Weissberger's oxidative system. The concentrations of both reactants [ascorbate. Cu(II)] were comparable to those that may occur during an early stage of the acute phase of joint inflammation. The time-dependent changes of the viscosity of the HA solution in the absence of the substance tested were monitored by rotational viscometry. However, when the anti- or pro-oxidative effects of the antioxidants/drugs were investigated, their dose-dependency was also examined. Additionally, the anti-oxidative activities of these substances were screened by the well-established ABTS and DPPH decolorization assays. The actions of the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, namely bucillamine and D-penicillamine, were compared to those of L-cysteine and of SA981, the oxidized metabolite of bucillamine. The results indicated that bucillamine was the most efficient scavenger of hydroxyl- and/or peroxyl-type radicals, even at the lowest drug concentration. In contrast, SA981 demonstrated no scavenging activity against the aforementioned free radicals. D-Penicillamine and L-cysteine showed a dual effect, i.e. a pronounced anti-oxidative effect was, after a given time period, followed by a significant pro-oxidative effect. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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