Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 91, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.035410
Keywords
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB920903, 2013CBA01603, 2013CB921701]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11422430, 11374035, 11474022, 51172029, 91121012]
- program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of the Ministry of Education of China [NCET-13-0054]
- Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project [YETP0238]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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Recently, rhombohedral trilayer graphene (r-TLG) has attracted much attention because of its low-energy flat bands, which are predicted to result in many strongly correlated phenomena. However, there has been a need for more experimental evidence for these flat bands in the r-TLG, since the supporting substrates usually have strong destructive effects on the low-energy band structure of graphene systems. Here, we demonstrate that it is possible to directly probe the stacking order and electronic spectrum of the r-TLG on a graphite surface with scanning tunneling microscopy around a monoatomic step edge of the top graphene layer. The tunneling spectra of the r-TLG exhibit four adjacent peaks, which are generated by the low-energy flat bands, flanking the charge neutrality point. Based on these spectra, the true energy gap and the energy gap at the K point of the r-TLG are determined as about 9 and 23 meV, respectively. The observed features are well reproduced by a low-energy effective Hamiltonian.
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