Heteroatom-annulated perylenes: Practical synthesis, photophysical properties, and solid-state packing arrangement

A practical strategy for the preparation of a series of heterocyclic annulated perylenes in good yields is presented. UV-vis absorption spectra indicate hypsochromic shift of the absorption maxima relative to the corresponding parent perylene. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the), all adopt planar conformation, but the solid-state packing arrangements are significantly altered by annulation of various heterocycles.