Journal
JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION
Volume 41, Issue 8, Pages 581-587Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/joor.12171
Keywords
food consistency; mandible; jaw muscle; insulin-like growth factor-1; electromyogram; cephalometry; muscular loading
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan [19890138]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [19890138] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The influence of masticatory loading stimulus on mandibular development is not fully clear. In this paper, experimental alterations in the daily muscle use, caused by a changed diet consistency, were continuously monitored, while adaptations in bone and cartilage were examined. It is hypothesised that decreased muscular loading will result in a decrease in the growth factor expression and mandible growth. Fourteen 21-day-old Wistar strain male rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed on either a hard or soft diet for 14 weeks. An implanted radiotelemetric device recorded continuously muscle activity of the superficial masseter muscle. Chondroblast proliferation in the condylar cartilage was identified by insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1r) immunostaining. Furthermore, an X-ray was taken for cephalometric analysis. In the soft-diet group, the duty time of the superficial masseter muscle at higher activity levels was significantly lower than that in the hard-diet group. This decrease in muscular loading of the jaw system was accompanied by: a significant reduction in (i) articular cartilage thickness, (ii) expression of IGF-1r immunopositive cells and (iii) mandible ramus height. In conclusion, a decrease in masticatory demand during the growth period leads to insufficient mandibular development.
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