Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Growth and Antigenic Profile of Human Osteoblasts and Its Clinical Impact

Purpose: In recent years, there has been widespread clinical use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to facilitate the regeneration of different tissues. However, few data are available on the effect of PRP on parameters other than cell growth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of PRP on the cell cycle, antigenic profile, and proliferation of primary cultured human osteoblasts. Materials and Methods: The cells in the present study were derived from human bone sections obtained from healthy volunteers during third molar surgery. PRP was prepared from human venous blood and used to culture the cell line obtained from the same patient. Flow cytometry was used to study the cell cycle, antigenic profile, and proliferation. Results: The treatment of osteoblasts with PRP modified the expression of CD54, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR antigens. PRP treatment increased cell proliferation in the short term, but the cell proliferation capacity diminished in the long term, perhaps owing to cell exhaustion. No change in the cell cycle profile was observed in the PRP-cultured cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that PRP treatment accelerates bone neoformation with no cell cycle changes that might carry a risk of malignant transformation. (C) 2012 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70:1558-1564, 2012