Journal
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Volume 17, Issue 46, Pages 30963-30977Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05936d
Keywords
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Funding
- R&D Convergence Program (National Research Council of Science & Technology) of the Republic of Korea [CAP-14-2-KITECH]
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Transition metal oxides possessing two kinds of metals (denoted as A(x)B(3-x)O(4), which is generally defined as a spinel structure; A, B = Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, Fe, etc.), with stoichiometric or even non-stoichiometric compositions, have recently attracted great interest in electrochemical energy storage systems (ESSs). The spinel-type transition metal oxides exhibit outstanding electrochemical activity and stability, and thus, they can play a key role in realising cost-effective and environmentally friendly ESSs. Moreover, porous nanoarchitectures can offer a large number of electrochemically active sites and, at the same time, facilitate transport of charge carriers (electrons and ions) during energy storage reactions. In the design of spinel-type transition metal oxides for energy storage applications, therefore, nanostructural engineering is one of the most essential approaches to achieving high electrochemical performance in ESSs. In this perspective, we introduce spinel-type transition metal oxides with various transition metals and present recent research advances in material design of spinel-type transition metal oxides with tunable architectures (shape, porosity, and size) and compositions on the micro- and nano-scale. Furthermore, their technological applications as electrode materials for next-generation ESSs, including metal-air batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors, are discussed.
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