Journal
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 142, Issue 5, Pages 916-923Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.151951
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Knowledge Synthesis (CIHR)
- Calorie Control Council
- Province of Ontario Postdoctoral Fellowship
- Edie Steinberg Scholarship Fund
- Edward Christie Stevens Fellowship in Medicine
- Government of Canada through Canada Research Chair Endowment
- CIHR
- CIHR Canada
- Coca-Cola Company
- Archer Daniels Midland
- International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) North America
- International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), Brazil
- Abbott Laboratories
- Pulse Canada
- Scientific Advisory Board for CIHR
- Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA)
- Dairy Farmers of Canada
- McCain Foods
- Temasek Polytechnic
- Northwestern University
- Royal Society of London
- Glycemic Index Symbol program
- CreaNutrition AG
- McMaster University
- Canadian Society for Nutritional Sciences
- National Sports and Conditioning Association
- Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition-Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon
- Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of European Association for Study of Diabetes
- Almond Board of California
- American Peanut Council
- American Pistachio Growers
- Barilla
- California Strawberry Commission
- Canola Council of Canada
- Danone
- General Mills
- Hain Celestial
- International Tree Nut Council
- Loblaw Brands Ltd
- Oldways
- Orafti
- Paramount Farms
- Saskatchewan Pulse Growers
- Solae
- Unilever
- Scientific Advisory Board for Calorie Control Council
- Loblaws Supermarkets, Inc.
- Sanitarium Company
- Herbalife International
- Pacific Health Laboratories, Inc.
- Metagenics/MetaProteomics
- Bayer Consumer Care
- Oldways Preservation Trust
- International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research Education
- Peanut Institute
- Procter and Gamble Technical Centre Limited
- Griffin Hospital for development of NuVal System
- Soy Advisory Board of Dean Foods
- Alpro Soy Foundation
- Nutritional Fundamentals for Health
- Pacific Health Laboratories
- Kellogg's
- Quaker Oats
- Coca-Cola Sugar Advisory Board
- Pepsi Company
- Agrifoods and Agriculture Canada (AAFC)
- Canadian Agriculture Policy Institute (CAPI)
- Flax Council of Canada
- Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
- Ontario Research Fund (ORF)
- Advanced Foods and Material Network (AFMNet)
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Hyperuricemia is linked to gout and features of metabolic syndrome. There is concern that dietary fructose may increase uric acid concentrations. To assess the effects of fructose on serum uric acid concentrations in people with and without diabetes, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for relevant trials (through August 19, 2011). Analyses included all controlled feeding trials >= 7 d investigating the effect of fructose feeding on uric acid under isocaloric conditions, where fructose was isocalorically exchanged with other carbohydrate, or hypercaloric conditions, and where a control diet was supplemented with excess energy from fructose. Data were aggregated by the generic inverse variance method using random effects models and expressed as mean difference (MD) with 95% Cl. Heterogeneity was assessed by the 0 statistic and quantified by I-2. A total of 21 trials in 425 participants met the eligibility criteria. Isocaloric exchange of fructose for other carbohydrate did not affect serum uric acid in diabetic and nondiabetic participants [MD = 0.56 mu mol/L (95% Cl: -6.62, 7.74)], with no evidence of inter-study heterogeneity. Hypercaloric supplementation of control diets with fructose (+35% excess energy) at extreme doses (213-219 g/d) significantly increased serum uric acid compared with the control diets alone in nondiabetic participants [MD = 31.0 mmol/L (95% Cl: 15.4, 46.5)] with no evidence of heterogeneity. Confounding from excess energy cannot be ruled out in the hypercaloric trials. These analyses do not support a uric acid-increasing effect of isocaloric fructose intake in nondiabetic and diabetic participants. Hypercaloric fructose intake may, however, increase uric acid concentrations. The effect of the interaction of energy and fructose remains unclear. Larger, well-designed trials of fructose feeding at real world doses are needed. J. Nutr. 142: 916-923, 2012.
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