Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
Volume 15, Issue 5-6, Pages 401-410Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.3109/13550280903296346
Keywords
dopamine; gp120; neurons; oxidative stress
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Funding
- U.S. Public Health Service [DA025525]
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The dopamine (DA)-rich midbrain is known to be a key target of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. Studies of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-induced neuropathogenesis recently established that there is a major disruption within the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system characterized by marked depletion of dopaminergic neurons, microglial cell activation, and reactive astrocytes. Using a human mesencephalic neuronal/glial culture model, which contains dopaminergic neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, experiments were performed to characterize the damage to dopaminergic neurons induced by HIV-1 gp120. Functional impairment was assessed by DA uptake, and neurotoxicity was measured by apoptosis and oxidative damage. Through the use of this mesencephalic neuronal/glial culture model, we were able to identify the relative sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons to gpi20-induced damage, manifested as reduced function (decreased DA uptake), morphological changes, and reduced viability. We also showed that gp120-induced oxidative damage is involved in this neuropathogenic process. Journal of Neuro Virology (2009) 15, 401-410.
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