Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
Volume 14, Issue 5, Pages 418-424Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/13550280802298112
Keywords
combination antiretroviral therapy (cART); functional magnetic resonance imaging; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
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Funding
- Center for AIDS Research [AI045008]
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging [NS045839]
- University of Pennsylvania
- University of Pennsylvania AIDS Clinical Trials Unit [NIH AI 32783]
- Universitywide AIDS Research Program [CF05-SD-301]
- American Foundation of AIDS Research (amFAR) [106729-40-RFRL]
- Dana Foundation for Brain and Immuno-Imaging
- NIH [1K23MH081786]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [U01AI032783, P30AI045008] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [K23MH081786] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [P30NS045839] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) limits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in the central nervous system (CNS) and prevents progressive neurological dysfunction. We examined if the degree of CNS penetration by cART, as estimated by the CNS penetration effectiveness (CPE) score, affects brain activity as measured by the amplitude of the blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) response. HIV+ patients on low-CPE cART (n=12) had a significantly greater BOLD fMRI response amplitude than HIV+ patients on high-CPE cART (n=12) or seronegative controls (n=10). An increase in the BOLD fMRI response in HIV patients on low-CPE cART may reflect continued HIV replication in the CNS leading to increased oxidative stress and associated metabolic demands.
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