Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 315-323Publisher
AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
DOI: 10.3171/2009.1.SPINE08286
Keywords
bone fragment; ex vivo; impact; spinal cord injury; trauma
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Object. The purpose of the Study was to assess the effect of CSF and the size of the impacting bone fragment area on spinal cord deformation during trauma. Methods. A transverse impact rig was used to produce repeated impacts on bovine and surrogate cord models. Tests were recorded with high-speed video and performed on specimens with and without CSF and/or dura mater and with 3 different impactor areas. Results. The CSF layer was found to reduce the maximum cord deformation significantly. A 50% reduction in impact area significantly increased the maximum cord deformation by 20-30%. The surrogate model showed similar trends to the bovine model but with lower absolute deformation values. Conclusions. Cerebrospinal fluid protects the cord during impact by reducing its deformation. A smaller bone fragment impact area increases the deformation of the cord, in agreement with clinical results, where a higher impact energy-possibly giving rise to smaller fragments-results in a worse neurological deficit. (DOI: 10.3171/2009.1.SPINE08286)
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