Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 33, Issue 26, Pages 10625-+Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5575-12.2013
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [BCS-1059523]
- National Institutes of Health [R21-EY021644]
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie [1059523] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Estimating reward contingencies and allocating attentional resources to a subset of relevant information are the most important contributors to increasing adaptability of an organism. Although recent evidence suggests that reward- and attention-based guidance recruits overlapping cortical regions and has similar effects on sensory responses, the exact nature of the relationship between the two remains elusive. Here, using event-related fMRI on human participants, we contrasted the effects of reward on space- and object-based selection in the same experimental setting. Reward was either distributed randomly or biased a particular object. Behavioral and neuroimaging results show that space- and object-based attention is influenced by reward differentially. Space-based attentional allocation is mandatory, integrating reward information over time, whereas object-based attentional allocation is a default setting that is completely replaced by the reward signal. Nonadditivity of the effects of reward and object-based attention was observed consistently at multiple levels of analysis in early visual areas as well as in control regions. These results provide strong evidence that space- and object-based allocation are two independent attentional mechanisms, and suggest that reward serves to constrain attentional selection.
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