Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 31, Issue 45, Pages 16094-16101Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4132-11.2011
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Funding
- NIH [EY06678, EY09625, EY014596, GM076430, EY012949, EY018885]
- National Research Service Award fellowship
- Visual Neuroscience Training Program training grant
- Champalimaud Foundation
- David and Lucille Packard Foundation
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Wellcome Trust
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- European Research Council
- University of Minnesota
- Stein/Oppenheimer Endowment Award
- Harold and Pauline Price Chair in Ophthalmology
- Jules Stein Eye Institute
- BBSRC [BB/I007296/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I007296/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Melanopsin imparts an intrinsic photosensitivity to a subclass of retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). Generally thought of as irradiance detectors, ipRGCs target numerous brain regions involved in non-image-forming vision. ipRGCs integrate their intrinsic, melanopsin-mediated light information with rod/cone signals relayed via synaptic connections to influence light-dependent behaviors. Early observations indicated diversity among these cells and recently several specific subtypes have been identified. These subtypes differ in morphological and physiological form, controlling separate functions that range from biological rhythm via circadian photoentrainment, to protective behavioral responses including pupil constriction and light avoidance, and even image-forming vision. In this Mini-Symposium review, we will discuss some recent findings that highlight the diversity in both form and function of these recently discovered atypical photoreceptors.
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