Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 30, Issue 15, Pages 5334-5345Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5963-09.2010
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Funding
- Larry L.Hillblom Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [R01 and R37 MH49428-01, K05 MH065670]
- National Institutes of Health [5R01 NS048528]
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Dlx5 and Dlx6 homeobox genes are expressed in developing and mature cortical interneurons. Simultaneous deletion of Dlx5 and 6 results in exencephaly of the anterior brain; despite this defect, prenatal basal ganglia differentiation appeared largely intact, while tangential migration of Lhx6(+) and Mafb(+) interneurons to the cortex was reduced and disordered. The migration deficits were associated with reduced CXCR4 expression. Transplantation of mutant immature interneurons into a wild-type brain demonstrated that loss of either Dlx5 or Dlx5&6 preferentially reduced the number of mature parvalbumin (+) interneurons; those parvalbumin (+) interneurons that were present had increased dendritic branching. Dlx5/6(+/-) mice, which appear normal histologically, show spontaneous electrographic seizures and reduced power of gamma oscillations. Thus, Dlx5&6 appeared to be required for development and function of somal innervating (parvalbumin (+)) neocortical interneurons. This contrasts with Dlx1, whose function is required for dendrite innervating (calretinin (+), somatostatin (+), and neuropeptide Y (+)) interneurons (Cobos et al., 2005).
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