Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
Volume 215, Issue 1-2, Pages 108-116Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.08.015
Keywords
Interferon-beta; HERV-H; HERV-W; Cytokines; Complement activation; Multiple sclerosis
Categories
Funding
- Augustinus Foundation
- Beckett Foundation
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Aase and Einar Danielsen's Foundation
- Goof Fonden
- Fonden til Laegevidenskabens Fremme
- Jascha Fonden
- Direktor Jacob Madsens Fond
- Torben og Alice Frimodts Fond
- Wilhelm Barigs Fond
- C.C. Klestrups Fond
- Dagmar Marshalls Fond
- Grosserer A.V.Lykfeldts Legat, Brdr. Hartmanns Fond
- Krista og Viggo Petersens Fond
- Carl og Ellen Hertz' Legat
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The effects of treatment of multiple sclerosis patients with IFN-beta on elements in the innate and adaptive immune response were analysed in a longitudinal study. We demonstrate significant decreases in anti-Envelope antibody reactivity for the two closely related Gammaretroviral human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), HERV-H and HERV-W, as a consequence of IFN-beta therapy. closely linked to efficacy of therapy/low disease activity. We also show strong indications of a protective effect of high levels of two components in the innate pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognition: mannan-binding lectin (MBL), and MBL-associated serine protease 3 (MASP-3). Serum levels of typical Th1- and Th2-related, MS-relevant cytokines were also monitored. Overall both Th1- and Th2-associated cytokines were modestly, albeit significantly up-regulated, notably IL-2 and TNF-alpha (MS patients with inactive disease), as well as IL-4 and, to some extent IL-10 (no increase in IL-10 for MS patients with active disease (non-responders)). We found no overall changes in Th1/Th2 ratios. Our results support that HERV-H/HERV-W and the antiviral immune response may play a role in MS development, and that these HERVs have potential as biomarkers for disease activity. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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