Journal
JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE
Volume 198, Issue 8, Pages 539-543Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181ea1e2f
Keywords
9/11 indirect exposure; PTSD; media transmitted 9/11 trauma
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Funding
- National Institute of Mental Health [MH48802]
- National Institute on Drug Abuse [F31 DA021040]
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Research published in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attack reported elevated rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the US population (4.3%-17.0%), attributable to indirect exposure through the media. We use data from a national survey conducted in 2004 to 2005 (National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 2) (n = 34,653). The list of traumatic events covered in the survey included indirect exposure to 9/11 through media coverage. Respondents who endorsed more than 1 traumatic event were asked to single out the worst event they had ever experienced. The worst event (or the only event) was the index event for diagnosing PTSD. Indirect experience of 9/11 had the lowest PTSD risk of all the traumatic events in the list, 1.3%. In the subset that endorsed only 9/11 indirect exposure (n = 3981), the PTSD risk was 0.3%. Of the total sample, 0.7% experienced PTSD in relation to indirect 9/11. Explanations for the lower estimates are discussed.
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