Xenortide Biosynthesis by Entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus nematophila

The biosynthesis gene cluster of the xenortides and a new derivative, xenortide D, which is produced in only trace amounts, was identified in Xenorhabdus nematophila. The structure of xenortide D was elucidated using a combination of labeling experiments followed by MS analysis and was confirmed by synthesis. Bioactivity tests revealed a weak activity of tryptarnine-carrying xenortides against Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma brucei.