Label-Free Detection of Leptin Antibody-Antigen Interaction by Using LSPR-Based Optical Biosensor

In the recent research, the development of optical biosensing devices has been focused on finding new method and technologies to exploit the optical properties of noble metal nanostructure, especially localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). In this study, we fabricated a LSPR-based label-free optical biosensor with the multi-spot gold-capped nanoparticle array (MG-NPA) biochip based on the deposition of a thin gold (Au) film on the silica nanoparticles layer with the simple process. The MG-NPA biochip used the silica nanoparticles as the core and a thin Au film as a shell on the surface. This structure can excite the LSPR signal easily with the high reproducibility. The anti-leptin antibody was immobilized on the surface of MG-NPA biochip, which could recognize only leptin antigen. The leptin antibody-antigen interaction was performed by the introduction of different concentration (1 pg/mL similar to 100 mu g/mL) of leptin antigen solutions for 1 h. The detection limit was found to be 100 pg/mL by using the anti-leptin antibody immobilized MG-NPA biochip. This LSPR-based label-free optical biosensor employing the MG-NPA biochip brings several advantages such as low cost, easy to fabricate, using a simple optical system and can be applied in a wide immunoassay with the similar antibody-antigen model.