Journal
JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
Volume 10, Issue 7, Pages 1109-1114Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-007-9347-y
Keywords
nanofluid; thermal conductivity; size effect; interface; SAXS; silica colloids; nanoparticles; dispersion
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Funding
- Michelin American Research and Development Corporation
- U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Office of Science
- Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [CHE-0535644]
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Knowledge of the size and distribution of nanoparticles in solution is critical to understanding the observed enhancements in thermal conductivity and heat transfer of nanofluids. We have applied smallangle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to the characterization of SiO2 nanoparticles (10-30 nm) uniformly dispersed in a water-based fluid using the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Size distributions for the suspended nanoparticles were derived by fitting experimental data to an established model. Thermal conductivity of the SiO2 nanofluids was also measured, and the relation between the average particle size and the thermal conductivity enhancement was established. The experimental data contradict models based on fluid interfacial layers or Brownian motion but support the concept of thermal resistance at the liquid-particle interface.
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