Journal
JOURNAL OF MOTOR BEHAVIOR
Volume 42, Issue 6, Pages 371-379Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2010.526467
Keywords
action selection; model-based; model-free; internal model; reinforcement learning
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [060613-06ER]
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology
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In this article, the authors examine whether and how humans use model-free, reflexive strategies and model-based, deliberative strategies in motor sequence learning. They asked subjects to perform the grid-sailing task, which required moving a cursor to different goal positions in a 5 x 5 grid using different key-mapping (KM) rules between 3 finger keys and 3 cursor movement directions. The task was performed under 3 conditions: Condition 1, new KM; Condition 2, new goal position with learned KM; and Condition 3, learned goal position with learned KM; with or without prestart delay time. The performance improvement with prestart delay was significantly larger under Condition 2. This result provides evidence that humans implement a model-based strategy for sequential action selection and learning by using previously learned internal model of state transition by actions.
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