Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 430, Issue 23, Pages 4666-4684Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.08.003
Keywords
biomolecular condensate; phase separation; composition; PML nuclear body; LAT cluster
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Research Service Award from NIDDK [F32 DK101188]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Collaborative Innovation Award
- Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation [DRG-2249-16]
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Biomolecular condensates are two- and three-dimensional compartments in eukaryotic cells that concentrate specific collections of molecules without an encapsulating membrane. Many condensates behave as dynamic liquids and appear to form through liquid liquid phase separation driven by weak, multivalent interactions between macromolecules. In this review, we discuss current models and data regarding the control of condensate composition, and we describe our current understanding of the composition of representative condensates including PML nuclear bodies, P-bodies, stress granules, the nucleolus, and two-dimensional membrane localized LAT and nephrin clusters. Specific interactions, such as interactions between modular binding domains, weaker interactions between intrinsically disorder regions and nucleic acid base pairing, and nonspecific interactions, such as electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions, influence condensate composition. Understanding how specific condensate composition is determined is essential to understanding condensates as biochemical entities and ultimately discerning their cellular and organismic functions. (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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