Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 425, Issue 24, Pages 4857-4871Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.08.023
Keywords
cytomegalovirus; interferon; innate immunity; immune evasion
Categories
Funding
- American Heart Association Predoctoral Fellowship
- National Institutes of Health [U54 AI081680-04, R01 AI070890]
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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of the beta-herpesvirus family that invariably occupies hosts for life despite a consistent multi-pronged antiviral immune response that targets the infection. This persistence is enabled by the large viral genome that encodes factors conferring a wide assortment of sophisticated, often redundant phenotypes that disable or otherwise manipulate impactful immune effector processes. The type I interferon system represents a first line of host defense against infecting viruses. The physiological reactions induced by secreted interferon act to effectively block replication of a broad spectrum of virus types, including HCMV. As such, the virus must exhibit counteractive mechanisms to these responses that involve their inhibition, tolerance, or re-purposing. The goal of this review is to describe the impact of the type I interferon system on HCMV replication and to showcase the number and diversity of strategies employed by the virus that allow infection of hosts in the presence of interferon-dependent activity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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