Journal
JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS
Volume 56, Issue 18-19, Pages 1985-1992Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09500340903159503
Keywords
quantum fluctuations; squeezed states; polarization self-rotation; atomic noise
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We present experimental and theoretical analysis of quantum fluctuation in a vacuum field in the presence of an orthogonal linearly polarized pump field propagating through a Rb vapor cell. Previously reported theoretical and experimental studies provided somewhat contradictory conclusions regarding the possibility of observing the 'squeezed vacuum' - the reduction of vacuum fluctuations below the standard quantum limit-in this system. Here, using the D1 transitions of Rb in a cell without a buffer as an example, we demonstrate that vacuum squeezing is corrupted by incoherent processes (such as spontaneous emission, elastic scattering, etc), and its observation is only possible in a specific small region of the experimental parameter space. Numerical simulations, in good agreement with the experiment, demonstrate that the two excited state hyperfine levels play a crucial role in the squeezing and excess noise production. The significant influence of far-detuned atoms on the field fluctuations at low noise frequencies imposes the explicit consideration of the full velocity distribution of the atomic vapor.
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