Journal
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
Volume 327, Issue 1-2, Pages 216-225Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.036
Keywords
beta-Cyclodextrin; Matrimid (R) polyimide; Sub-nanocomposite membrane; Pervaporation; Asymmetry of dense membrane
Categories
Funding
- A-Star
- NUS [R-398-000-029-305, R-398-000-044-305]
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Molecular-level mixed matrix membranes made of Matrimid (R)/beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) sub-nanocomposites for dehydrating isopropanol by pervaporation have been fabricated and studied. The separation efficiency of such membranes containing similar to 2 to 10 wt.% of beta-CD is superior over the neat Matrimid (R) membrane in terms of both flux and separation factor. However, phase separation due to beta-CD agglomeration occurs with an increase in beta-CD loading. Asymmetry in both morphology and surface property has also been observed. The separation properties depend upon the membrane mounting mode (i.e., using air-side or glass-side of the membrane against the feed during pervaporation tests). The flux and separation factor of both modes, nevertheless, display the same increase-and-decrease dependence on beta-CD loading. The unique characteristics of beta-CD such as hydrophilic exterior and interior cavity and the interactions between beta-CD molecules and the polymer matrix may create additional interface channels for water diffusion and provide size discrimination and chain rigidification for water/isopropanol selection. As a result, compared to mixed matrix membranes incorporated MgO or zeolite nanoparticles, embedding a low percentage of beta-CD into the Matrimid (R) leads to the enhanced and superior separation efficiency. On the other hand, a higher loading of beta-CD deteriorates separation performance due to the formation of a non-permeable beta-CD network. The proposed Matrimid (R)/beta-CD mixed matrix materials may open new perspective for the development of mixed-matrix hollow-fiber membranes because of the sub-nano-sized beta-CD and its unique molecular-level mixing characteristics. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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