Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 58, Issue 2, Pages 739-752Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jm501285x
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Funding
- [SHF/FG538P/2013]
- [R1137/39/2014]
- [SHF/FG603S/2013 R1136]
- [NMRC/NIG R1159]
- [X031]
- [NMRC/TCR/002-SERI/2088R618]
- [NSFC/21072064]
- [NMRC-CBRG 14may012]
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Antibiotic resistance is a critical global health care crisis requiring urgent action to develop more effective antibiotics. Utilizing the hydrophobic scaffold of xanthone, we identified three components that mimicked the action of an antimicrobial cationic peptide to produce membrane-targeting antimicrobials. Compounds 5c and 6, which contain a hydrophobic xanthone core, lipophilic chains, and cationic amino acids, displayed very promising antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA and VRE, rapid timekill, avoidance of antibiotic resistance, and low toxicity. The bacterial membrane selectivity of these molecules was comparable to that of several membrane-targeting antibiotics in clinical trials. 5c and 6 were effective in a mouse model of corneal infection by S. aureus and MRSA. Evidence is presented indicating that 5c and 6 target the negatively charged bacterial membrane via a combination of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. These results suggest that 5c and 6 have significant promise for combating life-threatening infections.
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