Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 55, Issue 12, Pages 5887-5900Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jm3003747
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PI3K delta is a lipid kinase and a member of a larger family of enzymes, PI3K class IA(alpha, beta, delta) and IB (gamma), which catalyze the phosphorylation of PIP2 to PIP3. PI3K delta is mainly expressed in leukocytes, where it plays a critical, nonredundant role in B cell receptor mediated signaling and provides an attractive opportunity to treat diseases where B cell activity is essential, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis. We report the discovery of novel, potent, and selective PI3K delta inhibitors and describe a structural hypothesis for isoform (alpha, beta, gamma) selectivity gained from interactions in the affinity pocket. The critical component of our initial pharmacophore for isoform selectivity was strongly associated with CYP3A4 time-dependent inhibition (TDI). We describe a variety of strategies and methods for monitoring and attenuating TDI. Ultimately, a structure-based design approach was employed to identify a suitable structural replacement for further optimization.
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