Synthesis and Evaluation of (2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-quinolinyl) (2-piperidinyl)methanol (NSC23925) Isomers To Reverse Multidrug Resistance in Cancer

Development of multidrug resistance (MDR) during chemotherapy is a fundamental obstacle associated with cancer care. Prior studies have identified (2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-quinolinyl) (2-piperidinyl)methanol (5) (NSC23925) to be a small molecule agent that reverses MDR in cancer cells. We synthesized all four isomers of 5 and analyzed them by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). Structure-activity relationships for reversing MDR were evaluated. Isomer 11 demonstrated the most potent activity. 11 reversed MDR in several drug-resistant cell lines expressing Pgp, including ovarian, breast, colon, uterine, and sarcoma cancer. 11 resensitized these cell lines to paclitaxel, doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, vincristine, and trabectedin with no effect on cell sensitivity to cisplatin, topotecan, and methotrexate. 11 significantly enhanced in vivo antitumor activity of paclitaxel in MDR xenograft models, without increasing the level of paclitaxel toxicity. In conclusion, 11 and derivatives of this compound may hold therapeutic value in the treatment of MDR-dependent cancers.