Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 54, Issue 13, Pages 4773-4780Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jm200400m
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One approach to ameliorate the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been to restore neuronal signaling from the basal forebrain cholinergic system via the activation of the M-1 muscarinic receptor. A number of nonselective M-1 muscarinic agonists have previously shown positive effects on cognitive behaviors in AD patients, but were limited due to cholinergic adverse events thought to be mediated by the activation of the M-2 to M-5 subtypes. One strategy to confer selectivity for M-1 is the identification of positive allosteric modulators, which would target an allosteric site on the M-1 receptor rather than the highly conserved orthosteric acetylcholine binding site. Quinoline carboxylic acids have I been previously identified as highly selective M-1 positive allosteric modulators with good pharmacokinetic and in vivo properties. Herein is described the optimization of a novel quinolizidinone carboxylic acid scaffold with 4-cyanopiperidines being a key discovery in terms of enhanced activity. In particular, modulator 4i gave high plasma free fractions, enhanced central nervous system (CNS) exposure, was efficacious in a rodent in vivo model of cognition, and afforded good physicochemical properties suitable for further preclinical evaluation.
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