Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 54, Issue 16, Pages 5858-5867Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jm200591t
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Funding
- Veterans Administration Merit Award [1136919]
- American Cancer Society [MRSG08019-01CDD]
- National Institutes of Health [5T32CA0-09621-22]
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Fluorescent derivatives of sigma(2) high affinity ligand 1-cyclohexyl-4-[3-(5-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)propyl]piperazine 1 (PB28) were synthesized. NBD or dansyl fluorescent tags were connected through a 5- or 6-atom linker in two diverse positions of 1 structure. Good sigma(2) affinities were obtained when the fluorescent tag was linked to 5-methoxytetralin nucleus replacing the methyl function. NBD-bearing compound 16 displayed high sigma(2) affinity (K(i) = 10.8 nM) and a optimal fluorescent properties. Its uptake in pancreatic tumor cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, showing that it partially occurs through endocytosis. In proliferating cells, the uptake was higher supporting that sigma(2) receptors are markers of cell proliferation and that the higher the proliferation is, the stronger the antiproliferative effect of sigma(2) agonists is. Colocalization of 16 with subcellular organelles was studied by confocal microscopy: the greatest was in endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes. Fluorescent sigma(2) ligands show their potential in clarifying the mechanisms of action of sigma(2) receptors.
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