A dynamic mechanical thermal analysis study of the viscoelastic properties and glass transition temperature behaviour of bioresorbable polymer matrix nanocomposites

The application of bioresorbable polymer nanocomposites in orthopaedics offer the potential to address several of the limitations associated with the use of metallic implants. Their enhanced biological performance has been demonstrated recently, but until now relatively little work has been reported on their mechanical properties. To this end, the viscoelastic properties and T(g) of bioresorbable polylactide-co-glycolide/alpha-tricalcium phosphate nanocomposites were investigated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. At room temperature of approximately 20A degrees C, the storage moduli of the nanocomposites were generally higher than the storage modulus of the unfilled polymer due to the stiffening effect of the nano-particles. However at physiological temperature of approximately 37A degrees C, the storage moduli of the nanocomposites decreased from 6.2 to 15.4% v/v nano-particle loadings. Similarly the T(g) of the nanocomposites also decreased from 6.2 to 15.4% v/v nano-particle loadings. These effects were thought to be due to weak interfacial bonding between the nano-particles and polymer matrix. The storage moduli at 37A degrees C and T(g) increased from the minimum value when the particle loading was raised to 25.7 and 34.2% v/v loadings. SEM and particle size distribution histograms showed that at these loadings, there was a broad particle size distribution consisting of nano-particles and micro-particles and that some particle agglomeration was present. The consequent reduction in the interfacial area and the number of weak interfaces presumably accounts for the rise in the storage modulus at 37A degrees C and the T(g).