Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
Volume 22, Issue 16, Pages 7910-7918Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16148f
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [20873183, 21073239, U0934003]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20100171110014]
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic materials (Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science)
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Different morphologies of anatase TiO2 from nanoparticles, nanofibers, and hierarchical spheres to ellipsoid spheres are successfully fabricated via solvothermal reactions of titanium n-butoxide and acetic acid. The variations of morphology, size and crystal phase of TiO2 micro-/nanostructures are investigated in detail by XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM. Effects of different TiO2 morphologies on the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are also discussed based on I-V, IPCE, IMPS, IMVS and UV-vis absorption and diffuse spectra. The DSSC based on the hierarchical anatase TiO2 sphere photoelectrode shows an overall light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 9.35% accompanying a short-circuit current density of 17.94 mA cm(-2), an open-circuit voltage of 803 mV and fill factor of 0.65, which is much higher than that of nanoparticles (7.37%), nanofibers (8.15%) and ellipsoid TiO2 spheres (7.93%). The significant enhancement of short-circuit current density and power conversion efficiency for the hierarchical sphere-based DSSC compared to other nanostructures is mainly attributed to the larger dye loading, superior light scattering ability, and/or faster electron transport and longer electron lifetime.
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