Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
Volume 19, Issue 32, Pages 5772-5777Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/b902221j
Keywords
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2007CB209703]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [206033040, 20873064]
- Graduate Innovation Plan of Jiangsu Province [CX07B-089Z]
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We report a practical and efficient strategy for synthesizing hierarchical (meso- and macro-) porous NiO nano/micro spherical superstructures. First, beta-Ni(OH)(2) microspheres were self-assembled based on the coalescence and Ostwald-ripening mechanisms during refluxing in an alkaline solution with Ni(NH3)(x)(2+) at 97 degrees C for 1 h under vigorous stirring. Second, hierarchical porous NiO microsphere superstructures were obtained from the precursor by a simple calcination procedure. The resulting superstructures comprised two-dimensional mesoporous NiO petal building blocks. Electrochemical data demonstrated that the hierarchical porous NiO nano/micro superstructures were capable of delivering a specific capacitance of 710 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) and offered a good specific capacitance retention of ca. 98% after 2000 continuous charge-discharge cycles. This indicates that we successfully met key requirements in terms of large specific energy density, high-rate capability and good electrochemical stability. We would expect our superstructures to be good candidates for a low-cost replacement for the state-of-the-art supercapacitor material RuO2.
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