Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 2-9Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10163-010-0311-z
Keywords
Waste policy; Recycling targets; Landfill Directive; European Union; Municipal waste; Recycling; Greenhouse gas
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While waste amounts are still growing in the EU, there is a clear shift in the waste management options employed to deal with waste. Less waste is landfilled and more is recycled or incinerated with energy recovery. In all, 62% of municipal waste was landfilled in 1995, but that figure had fallen to 40% by 2008. Waste management has a strong influence on the environment by either provoking or preventing impacts; for example, greenhouse gas emissions vary significantly between treatment options. The overall CO(2)-equivalent impacts from municipal waste management have in the same period been more than halved. The drivers for this change in waste management have been EU and national policies and legislation that have set up clear targets for recycling and recovery of waste. This article gives an overview of the set targets, the achieved results, and the consequences for greenhouse gas emissions of municipal waste management.
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