Journal
JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
Volume 74, Issue 1-2, Pages 485-494Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.03.008
Keywords
Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Reference conditions; Coastal point loads; Biogeochemical fluxes; Trophic state; Baltic Sea
Funding
- Swedish foundation for Strategic Environment Research (MISTRA)
- EU Sixth Framework Programme
- Swedish Environmental Protection Agency funds
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Pre-industrial trophic conditions in the Baltic Sea were simulated with SANBALTS (Simple As Necessary BAltic Long-Term large Scale) model. External nutrient inputs to the major basins of the Baltic Sea a century ago were reconstructed from various literature and data sources. The reconstructed input of total nitrogen was less than a half and that of total phosphorus was about a third of their contemporary values. The simulated pre-industrial conditions are validated by comparison to actual historical data on the water transparency, oxygen concentration, primary production, and net sediment accumulation. The pre-industrial trophic state could have been more phosphorus limited than today because simulated basin-wide annual averages of dissolved inorganic phosphorus concentrations of 0.06-0.3 mu M P are about 40-80% of their present day values, while dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations of 2-4 mu M N are almost the same as today or even slightly higher. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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