Journal
JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
Volume 50, Issue 2, Pages 255-269Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2013.742835
Keywords
Polylactic acid; flame retardant; aluminum hypophosphite; expanded graphite; polymer-matrix composites
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB719701]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11125210]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2320000014]
- Guangdong province [2010A090100017]
- CAS [2010A090100017]
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science of USTC [HZ2010-KF06]
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A series of flame retarding biodegradable polylactic acid composites (FR-PLA) based on aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) and expanded graphite (EG) were prepared by the melt-compounding method. The effect of AHP and EG on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of PLA were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UL-94 vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index, microscale combustion calorimetry and cone calorimeter testing. The gas products of PLA and FR-PLA composites were investigated by TG-IR technology. TGA results showed that the FR-PLA composites presented higher char residue and reduced mass loss rate than neat PLA. Significant improvement of flame retardancy of PLA/AHP/EG composites indicated an excellent synergistic effect between AHP and EG. Cone calorimeter tests gave clear evidence that the combination of AHP and EG resulted in a significant reduction of the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR). TG-IR revealed that the combination of AHP and EG resulted in significant decrease of gas products. The char residue of FR-PLA composites were also investigated by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Based on the analysis, possible flame retardant mechanism was discussed.
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