Journal
JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
Volume 161, Issue 1-2, Pages 299-323Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s10909-010-0205-4
Keywords
Quantum phase transition; Quenched disorder; Griffiths singularities
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Funding
- NSF [DMR-0339147, DMR-0906566]
- Research Corporation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [0906566, GRANTS:13613724] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this paper, we review theoretical and experimental research on rare region effects at quantum phase transitions in disordered itinerant electron systems. After summarizing a few basic concepts about phase transitions in the presence of quenched randomness, we introduce the idea of rare regions and discuss their importance. We then analyze in detail the different phenomena that can arise at magnetic quantum phase transitions in disordered metals, including quantum Griffiths singularities, smeared phase transitions, and cluster-glass formation. For each scenario, we discuss the resulting phase diagram and summarize the behavior of various observables. We then review several recent experiments that provide examples of these rare region phenomena. We conclude by discussing limitations of current approaches and open questions.
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