Journal
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
Volume 53, Issue 3, Pages 561-566Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M021873
Keywords
diet and dietary lipids; genetics; lipids; obesity; triglycerides; fat oral sensitivity; taste perception
Categories
Funding
- National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1 RR024992, KL2RR024994]
- NIH Roadmap for Medical Research
- NIH [DK60022, DK033301, DK 37948, DK56351, DK 56341]
- GlaxoSmithKline
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The precise orosensory inputs engaged for dietary lipids detection in humans are unknown. We evaluated whether a common single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1761667) in the CD36 gene that reduces CD36 expression and the addition of orlistat, a lipase inhibitor, to reduce FA release from triacylglycerols (TGs), the main component of dietary fats, would attenuate fat orosensory sensitivity in humans. Twenty-one obese subjects with different rs1761667 genotypes (6 AA, 7 AG, and 8 GG) were studied on two occasions in which oleic acid and triolein orosensory detection thresholds were measured using emulsions prepared with and without orlistat. Subjects homozygous for the G-allele had 8-fold lower oral detection thresholds for oleic acid and triolein than subjects homozygous for the A allele, which associates with lower CD36 expression (P = 0.03). Thresholds for heterozygous subjects were intermediate. The addition of orlistat increased detection thresholds for triolein (log threshold = -0.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 0.3 +/- 0.1; P < 0.001) but not oleic acid (log threshold = -1.0 +/- 0.2 vs. -0.8 +/- 0.2; P > 0.2). In conclusion, this is the first experimental evidence for a role of CD36 in fat gustatory perception in humans. The data also support involvement of lingual lipase and are consistent with the concept that FA and not TG is the sensed stimulus.-Pepino, M. Y., L. Love-Gregory, S. Klein, and N. A. Abumrad. The fatty acid translocase gene CD36 and lingual lipase influence oral sensitivity to fat in obese subjects. J. Lipid Res. 2012. 53: 561-566.
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