Journal
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 27, Issue 21, Pages 4884-4891Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2009.2026723
Keywords
Directional bend sensing; long period grating (LPG); optical fiber sensor; photonic crystal fiber (PCF)
Funding
- Hong Kong SAR Government [PolyU5182/07E]
- National Science Foundation of China [60629401]
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In this paper, we present a directional bend sensor based on a long period grating (LPG) formed by introducing periodic grooves along one side of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a focused CO2 laser beam. A bend sensitivity of 2.26 nm/m(-1) within a range of -5 similar to + 5 m(-1) is experimentally demonstrated. Numerical simulation suggests that the directional response is the result of asymmetric cladding geometry resulted from collapse and/or deformation of air holes and asymmetric material-index modulation caused by one-sided illumination of the CO2 laser beam. The sensitivity could be further enhanced by increasing the area of the air-silica photonic crystal cladding and optimizing the size of individual air holes. The easy fabrication process and good linear response of the proposed sensor make it a suitable candidate for structural shape sensing in harsh environments.
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