Role of gamma-delta (γδ) T cells in autoimmunity

gamma delta T cells represent a small population of overall T lymphocytes (0.5-5%) and have variable tissue distribution in the body. gamma delta T cells can perform complex functions, such as immune surveillance, immunoregulation, and effector function, without undergoing clonal expansion. Heterogeneous distribution and anatomic localization of gamma delta T cells in the normal and inflamed tissues play an important role in alloimmunity, autoimmunity, or immunity. The cross-talk between gamma delta T cells and other immune cells and phenotypic and functional plasticity of gamma delta T cells have been given recent attention in the field of immunology. In this review, we discussed the cellular and molecular interaction of gamma delta T cells with other immune cells and its mechanism in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases.