Journal
APPLIED ENERGY
Volume 137, Issue -, Pages 511-536Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.081
Keywords
Electrical energy storage; Overview; Power system; Technical and economic performance features; Application potential
Categories
Funding
- EPSRC [EP/K002228/1]
- European Regional Development Fund for Birmingham Science City Energy Efficiency and Demand Reduction project
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K002228/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Electrical power generation is changing dramatically across the world because of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to introduce mixed energy sources. The power network faces great challenges in transmission and distribution to meet demand with unpredictable daily and seasonal variations. Electrical Energy Storage (EES) is recognized as underpinning technologies to have great potential in meeting these challenges, whereby energy is stored in a certain state, according to the technology used, and is converted to electrical energy when needed. However, the wide variety of options and complex characteristic matrices make it difficult to appraise a specific EES technology for a particular application. This paper intends to mitigate this problem by providing a comprehensive and clear picture of the state-of-the-art technologies available, and where they would be suited for integration into a power generation and distribution system. The paper starts with an overview of the operation principles, technical and economic performance features and the current research and development of important EES technologies, sorted into six main categories based on the types of energy stored. Following this, a comprehensive comparison and an application potential analysis of the reviewed technologies are presented. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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