A Clinical Comparison of Laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet Fundoplication for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Aim: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplication in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and their indications. Patients and Methods: From June 2001 to December 2011, 383 patients with GERD were randomized into two groups according to the last number in their hospitalization number. Overall, 215 patients underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, and 168 underwent laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication. Results: No conversions to laparotomy or deaths were observed, and the symptoms disappeared completely postoperatively in both groups. Average follow-up was 5.6 years. No recurrence of symptoms was observed in the Nissen group. Eighteen patients experienced recurrence of symptoms in the Toupet group and were administered acid-suppressing drugs. Esophageal manometry and acid reflux testing were performed 4 months postoperatively, with normal results in both groups. The cure rate of esophageal inflammation was 88.4% in the Nissen group and 67.7% in the Toupet group. Four days postoperatively, the incidences of dysphagia and abdominal distension were significantly higher in the Nissen group compared with the Toupet group (28.4% and 16.7%, respectively); the difference between the two groups significantly decreased 1 year postoperatively (1.5% and 0.8%, respectively). Conclusions: In the short term, the incidence of dysphagia was significantly lower after Toupet fundoplication, but the difference decreased significantly with extension of the postoperative recovery period. For patients with moderate to severe GERD, the laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication may be optimal; for elderly patients or for patients with significantly reduced esophageal peristalsis detected in preoperative examinations, the laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication should be considered.